2019年12月2-15日，第二十五届联合国气候大会（COP25）在西班牙马德里召开。

12月12日是“中国企业日”，联合国气候变化框架公约（UNFCCC）全球气候行动负责人Niclas Svenningsen出席了企业边会并致开幕辞。

It is a great pleasure to be here this morning. A couple of years ago we were negotiating a large climate agreement. We did that for more than 20 years. We finally got it in 2015, four years ago, the Paris agreement. The reason that it took so long is not because our parties, the 197 parties to the UNFCCC, are particularly lazy or stupid or anything, but it is because we are changing the climate through a multitude of activities. And to address climate change requires that we are taking action in a multitude of sectors. The Paris agreement is an agreement between government. It is an agreement that we all are intent on honoring, but its implementation requires much more than governments. It requires participation from civil society, from private sector, from subnational governments, from you, from me, from all of us. It is an agreement that requires us to rethink how we are building buildings, how we are producing food, how we are dressing ourselves, how we are transporting ourselves, how we are generating energy, and so on.

很高兴今天来参加中国企业边会。多年前，我们就一项大型气候协议进行谈判，进行了20多年，终于在2015年，达成了《巴黎协定》。辗转这么长时间的原因并不是因为《联合国气候变化框架公约》的197个缔约方如何懒惰或愚蠢等，而是因为改变气候需要我们进行大量的工作。应对气候变化需要我们在众多领域采取行动。《巴黎协定》是一部政府之间的协议，是我们大家都希望兑现的一部协议，但是履行《巴黎协定》所需的不仅仅是政府。它需要民间社会、私营部门、地方政府、你、我以及我们所有人的参与。这部协议要求我们重新思考如何建造建筑、制造食物、穿衣、出行、生产能源，等等。

But this is s also an agreement that is very positive, because all these changes come with great benefits not only to the climate, but to all sustainable development goals, to health, to education, to poverty alleviation, and so on. A few years ago when we were negotiating the Paris agreement, we were really focusing on these. This is a big deal, and we need to have it. And here we are, four years later, we are still negotiating. And you may rightfully ask, what are we negotiating about?

但是，这也是一部非常积极的协议，因为所有这些变化不仅对气候，而且对所有可持续发展目标，健康、教育、扶贫等都带来巨大利益。几年前，当我们就《巴黎协定》进行谈判时，我们就已专注于这些。这是个重大的协议，我们必须谈下来。四年后的今天，我们仍在谈判中。你可能会准确地问到，我们在谈判什么？

Well, we are basically negotiating on those lost instructions for how to actually implement the Paris agreement. And we are hopeful that we will get those instructions and guidelines ready by tomorrow. And when we are doing that, we can start to focus much more on implementing the Paris agreement. Now, since COP 21 in 2015, the UNFCCC has stepped up a side of our work that we did not have before, which is to build bridges between our policy makers, our negotiators, our national governments, on one hand, and everybody else on the other hand. We are calling this global climate action.

我们基本上正在就那些有关如何实际执行《巴黎协定》缺失的指示进行谈判。我们希望我们在明天之前就能准备好这些指示和指南。这样做可以让我们开始更加集中精力地执行《巴黎协定》。现在，自2015年第21届联合国气候变化大会（COP21）以来，《联合国气候变化框架公约》加强了我们以往从未有过的工作，即建造一座桥梁，一边是政策制定者、谈判官员、国家政府，一边是我们所有人的桥梁。我们称之为全球气候行动。

Global climate action means now that we are trying to do what everybody else is already doing very well, namely to find opportunities to implement action and opportunities to change the way we are doing about our daily lives. It doesn't matter if you are the president of a country, a CEO of a large corporation, an engineer driving a bus, or just working from home. We are all decision makers. And by being a decision maker, whatever decision it is, really, you have an opportunity to change the climate for the better.

现在，全球气候行动意味着我们正在努力做所有人已经做得非常好的一些事情，即寻找实施行动和改变我们日常生活的契机。无论你是一个国家的总统，大公司的首席执行官，驾驶公共汽车的工程师还是只是在家工作，都没有关系。我们都是决策者。通过成为决策者，无论决策是什么，真的，你都有机会改善气候。

Now in the global climate action work that we are doing, you will have seen us out in hall four, the climate action hub, and many other where we have about 140 events in this COP where we are looking at how different parts of society are now stepping up and trying to take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase resilience. It is also 140 events that are looking on the opportunities, because we are certainly not there. You know that while we were negotiating the Paris agreement, global greenhouse gas emissions increased by 40%. 

关于我们现在正在进行的全球气候行动工作，你可以在展厅看到我们在本次COP上展示的大约140项活动。我们不仅通过这些活动展现社会各界正在针对温室气体减排和提高气候适应进行哪些努力，也通过这些活动寻找机会，因为我们显然离目标还相距甚远。你们知道吗，在我们谈判《巴黎协定》时，全球温室气体排放量已经增加了40％。

We now have concentration of greenhouse gases that are higher than we had for 3.6 million years on this planet. The urgency is there, but the opportunities are there as well. And we are extremely pleased also that we have received a lot of good support for this work. At COP 24 in Katowice, we launched together with some 40 of the leading fashion brands, the UNFCCC Fashion Industry Charter for Climate Action. This is a charter that is rather ambitious. It sets out 16 principles whereby these companies, these brands commit to look on their energy use, on their raw material use, on their communication education of their customers and on many other things that are affecting the climate footprint of the fashion, the garments, and the textile we are wearing.

当前，地球上的温室气体浓度高于360万年前。紧迫性已经摆在眼前，但机会也是有的。让我们深感欣慰的是，我们已为这项使命提供了很多良好的支持。在卡托维兹举行的第24届联合国气候变化大会（COP 24）上，我们与大约40个领先的时尚品牌共同发布了联合国气候变化框架公约《时尚业气候行动宪章》。这是一部雄心勃勃的宪章。它提出了16条原则，这些公司和品牌依据这些原则在能源使用、原料使用、客户沟通，以及时装和纺织品的碳足迹等其他方面进行了承诺。

Today, we have more than 100 large companies, some are small also. But really, I would say that if you have anything on your body today, it is very likely that the shirts and the trousers have been manufactured by one of the brands that have made commitment to the fashion charter. Now the fashion charter is ambitious as I said, and I think this is because as opposed to many other initiatives, it is looking at both what you are doing in your own company on the carbon footprint you get from buying energy and so on, but also on all the supply chains.

目前签署宪章的有100多家大公司，还有些小公司。但实际上我想说的是，你们今天身上穿的衬衫和裤子等衣物很可能就是由致力于《时尚业气候行动宪章》的品牌之一制造的。正如我刚才所说，这是一部雄心勃勃的宪章。该宪章关注的不仅是公司内部产品本身的碳足迹，也包括所有供应链的碳足迹。

So, if you are looking on H&M or Hugo Boss or The North Face or CHANEL, whatever kind of garments you prefer, they are not only looking at what is happening in their organization. They are looking at what is happening in the organizations or downstream, and they are looking what is happening with the garments after they have been well worn and maybe torn away. Now, this is important because if you only look at what is happening in your own organization, you may have one climate footprint. If you are looking what is happening in your supply chains, we know that the impact is at least 150 times larger.

因此，无论你喜欢H&M、Hugo Boss、The North Face、CHANEL的哪款衣服，这些品牌都不仅仅着眼于它们公司本身的运营。除了着眼于公司内部及下游的运营情况，它们也在关注旧服装或服装磨损后该如何处理。这非常重要，因为如果仅看公司本身，那么可能只有一个气候足迹。如果放眼整个供应链，那么我们会发现气候足迹的影响被扩大了至少150倍。

So, with that ambition, these companies have said, “We are going to align with the Paris agreement. We are going to reach 1.5 degrees.” And this is an amazing achievement. One of the best things is that one of the largest manufacturing countries, China, is in the lead here. Thanks to the China National Textile and Apparel Council, which is one of the founding members. We are now seeing a rapidly increasing attention to this issue also in China. China is of course not only a producing country. It is also a consuming country.

出于这种雄心，这些公司表示：“我们将与《巴黎协定》达成一致。我们将达到1.5度目标。”这是一个了不起的成就。中国，作为全世界最大的制造国之一，也正在引领这一趋势。感谢中国纺织工业联合会成为《时尚业气候行动宪章》的创始成员之一。中国对这一问题的关注度正在迅速上升。当然，中国不仅是生产国，它也是一个消费国。

So really commend you for this leadership. We are really seeing a lot of work that needs to be done. But by having you on board, we are also seeing so many other countries and so many other companies that are also following suit. We are now looking forward to COP 26 in Glasgow as the “big fashion COP”. There will be other labels on the COP in Glasgow, but we really believe that at COP 26, we will be able to report on significant improvements on significant progress. And we will have some very significant announcements to make about this next year in Glasgow in Scotland. Thank you very much.

在此，我们衷心呼吁各方的领导力，还有很多需要完成的工作。但是，我们也看到了许多国家和公司正在效仿《时尚业气候行动宪章》。现在，我们期待在格拉斯哥举行的第26届联合国气候变化大会（COP26）将成为一场“大型时尚COP”。我们相信，在COP 26上，我们将取得重大进展。明年，我们将在苏格兰的格拉斯哥发布一些非常重要的公告。谢谢。

「本文根据演讲录音整理，未经演讲人审阅」